Final answer:
Systematically moving workers from one job to another is referred to as job rotation. This practice is distinct from job enrichment, job analysis, and job design. Polarization is the increasing gap between high-end and low-end jobs, causing a decline in middle-level positions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Systematically moving workers from one job to another is known as job rotation. This practice allows employees to gain a variety of skills and experiences, which can enhance job satisfaction and reduce employee burnout. In contrast, job enrichment aims to make a job more satisfying by adding more meaningful tasks. Job analysis is the process of studying a job to determine its main features and requirements, while job design involves structuring or restructuring jobs to optimize the work processes and improve productivity.
The practice where the differences between low-end and high-end jobs become greater and the number of people in the middle levels decreases is known as polarization. The goal of scientific management was to increase workers' efficiency. Moreover, modern examples of observing job practices include surveys and interviews to gather information necessary for job analysis.
In the context of industry and society, China's ongoing shift, which leads to an increased level of labor specialization and social structure differentiation, exemplifies modernization. This shows how the job market and societal roles can evolve with industrial and technological changes, impacting job analysis and design.