Final answer:
The sentence in question fits best in the results section of a research article, where findings are presented without interpretation. The methodology, introduction, and discussion sections serve different purposes, such as explaining research procedures, providing background, and interpreting results, respectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
The sentence "Patients who coughed were significantly more likely to have spontaneous dislodgement of small-bore nasogastric tubes than patients who did not." is a statement that presents the outcomes of a research study, which belongs in the results section of the research article. This section is dedicated to narrating the specific findings of the study without providing an in-depth interpretation or comparing it to other studies. Such interpretations and contextual discussions are reserved for the discussion section.
In contrast, the introduction usually provides background on the topic and sets up the research question or hypothesis, while the methodology explains the procedures and methods used to carry out the study. The discussion section would then interpret these results, relate the findings to previous studies, and potentially discuss the implications of the findings for medical practice.