Final answer:
Complexity can be extremely high in systems with sensitive dependence on initial conditions, such as the chaotic behavior of Pluto's orbit or the self-organizing nature of the primordial ocean, which evolved swiftly into complex life forms.
Step-by-step explanation:
Change complexity can be extremely high in situations where systems exhibit sensitive dependence on initial conditions or where they self-organize and evolve, as posited by the fields of complexity and chaos. A compelling example is the primordial ocean, which represents a complex adaptive system. It evolved rapidly from a simple mix of chemicals to the diverse biological systems we observe today. Similarly, the discipline of chaos addresses systems like the orbit of Pluto, which is highly sensitive to small gravitational interactions, making long-term predictions extremely challenging.
The characteristics of complex adaptive systems include the ability to self-organize, adapt and evolve, which can lead to emergent behaviors that are difficult to predict. These systems can be found in various domains, from biological evolution to economic systems, and studying them can offer insights into a range of phenomena.