Final answer:
In the interaction model of communication, the receiver's responses are known as feedback, which can be positive or negative and influences the ongoing communication process.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the interaction model of communication, we refer to the receiver's responses as feedback. Feedback is the response of a system when a change is made that itself influences the change. In the context of communication, this can mean that the receiver's response to a message can affect how the sender continues the communication process. This could be either through negative feedback, which counteracts the initial message, or through positive feedback, which amplifies it.
For instance, in a social interaction, a person may express hostility and receive a defensive or similarly hostile reaction from others, as illustrated by the transactional model of hostility. This interaction shows how feedback can reinforce and amplify the original sentiment. Similarly, a person who receives affirming responses may increase their confidence, as people's reactions contribute to the development of our personal sense of self. Integration of stimuli, like a baseball pitch, also involves feedback. A batter integrates the incoming pitch with their current situation, and this processing of information leads to the specific response of whether to swing at the pitch or not.
Chemical messages, such as pheromones, also play a role in communication between members of a species, providing feedback about reproductive status, and influencing behavior and response in the social and biological context.