Final answer:
The status given to those dealing with youth crime in police departments varies and is subjective. Dillon's Rule actually restricts local government autonomy to what is expressly granted by state law, while social disorganization theory posits that crime is most prevalent in communities with weak social ties. The U.S. Criminal Justice System is multi-tiered, with federal agencies addressing specific federal-level crimes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that police departments generally give little status to those dealing with youth crime is more a matter of opinion rather than a factual assertion, and it can vary widely depending on the police department and the community it serves. In some areas, youth crime units are valued for their specialized knowledge and the important role they play in crime prevention and intervention. However, it's possible that in some police departments, other divisions might be seen as more prestigious. The assessment of status within police departments is subjective and can be influenced by many factors, including department culture, societal attitudes, and the specific criteria used to measure success or effectiveness.
In terms of the Dillon's Rule, the assertion that it gives local governments freedom and flexibility is false. Dillon's Rule is a legal principle that states local governments can only exercise powers expressly granted by state law or those powers that are essential and indispensable to the existence and functioning of the local government.
According to social disorganization theory, crime is most likely to occur in a community where neighbors don't know each other very well (option a), because lack of social cohesion and community control can make it easier for crime and delinquency to thrive.
The U.S. Criminal Justice System includes a diverse array of law enforcement agencies at different levels, each with their own jurisdictions and specializations. The federal agencies, such as the FBI, the ATF, and the DHS, deal with specific types of crimes that fall under federal jurisdiction.
Critics of Zero-Tolerance Policing and Stop and Frisk policies have argued that these strategies can lead to civil rights violations and do not necessarily correlate with crime reductions when compared with other cities that do not use these policies.
Emotional responses to crime can be affected by media, as studies have shown that extensive media coverage can lead to increased feelings of fear and may cause the public to overestimate crime rates. This phenomenon was observed following events like 9/11 and the Boston Marathon Bombing.
The temperance movement did indeed stem from new social conditions such as increasing urbanization and immigration, making the statement true.
As for voting rates in the United States, compared to most democratic industrialized countries, the statement that they are higher is false. Voting rates in the U.S. are generally lower than in many other industrialized democracies.