Final answer:
Lifting a barbell from the ground to the shoulders involves the superior and inferior rotation of the scapula, engaging scapular and pectoralis major muscles.
Step-by-step explanation:
The movement of lifting a barbell from the ground to the shoulders in one smooth movement is a compound exercise that involves several muscles, primarily the scapular muscles. This motion requires the exercises like superior rotation of the scapula during the abduction of the upper limb, where the glenoid cavity moves upwards and the medial end of the scapular spine moves downwards. Additionally, muscles involved in this exercise may perform inferior rotation during adduction, where the glenoid cavity moves downward and the medial end of the scapular spine moves upward. The pectoralis major also assists in the movement by bringing the elbows together and stabilizes the shoulder joint.