Final answer:
Psychological self-regulation, also known as will power, refers to the ability to set goals and use feedback to achieve them, and is associated with managing responses to stimuli and stress, impacting overall well-being.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ability or learned capacity to regulate a psychological quality, such as confidence, motivation, or focus, is called psychological self-regulation. This concept is also interchangeably referred to as will power, which is often exemplified by the ability to delay gratification for a larger reward later on, as investigated in Mischel's marshmallow test. Self-regulation involves setting goals and using internal and external feedback to maximize goal attainment. It is a crucial aspect of personality psychology, affecting how we manage our response to new or challenging stimuli. For instance, one's level of self-regulation can influence their perceived control over life's demands, which in turn can impact their stress levels and overall psychological well-being.
Based on the choices provided, the correct answer is b. will power for the question "Self-regulation is also known as". Furthermore, the level of confidence in one's abilities is defined as self-efficacy according to the presented options, which underscores the importance of beliefs about personal capacities in shaping outcomes and handling stressors effectively.