Final answer:
Physiological indicators of sympathetic overtraining can include increased heart rate, dilated pupils, increased sweating, and decreased digestive activity. Parasympathetic overtraining can be indicated by a slower heart rate, dry mouth, decreased sweating, and constipation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system play important roles in regulating the body's physiological responses. When the sympathetic division is overactive, some indicators include increased heart rate (HR), dilated pupils, increased sweating, and decreased digestive activity. On the other hand, when the parasympathetic division is overactive, indicators may include decreased HR, constricted pupils, decreased sweating, and increased digestive activity.
For example, sympathetic overtraining may be observed in athletes who have been pushing their bodies too hard for a long time, leading to an overactive sympathetic response. They may experience symptoms such as a rapid resting HR, excessive sweating even during mild activities, and digestive issues like diarrhea. Parasympathetic overtraining, on the other hand, may lead to symptoms such as a slower resting HR, dry mouth, decreased sweating, and constipation.