Final answer:
The shoulder joint, or glenohumeral joint, is a multiaxial ball-and-socket joint allowing flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, circumduction, and medial/lateral rotation, supported primarily by muscles forming the rotator cuff for mobility and stability.
Step-by-step explanation:
The shoulder joint, known as the glenohumeral joint, is a multiaxial ball-and-socket joint that enables an extensive range of movements due to its anatomical structure. The shoulder joint is capable of performing flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, circumduction, and medial/lateral rotation of the humerus. These motions are facilitated by the lack of restrictive ligament support and the muscles forming the rotator cuff, providing a balance between mobility and stability. However, some rotational movements might be restricted by the muscles and tendons crossing the joint. As such, any movement that is not flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, circumduction, and medial/lateral rotation would be a movement not typically allowed by the shoulder joint, such as linear gliding or translational movements.