Final answer:
The nurse should cover the wound with a sterile, saline-moistened dressing as the first action when a large part of the bowel is protruding through the abdomen during a dressing change for a client recovering from a hemicolectomy.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a nurse notes that a large part of the bowel is protruding through the abdomen during a dressing change for a client recovering from a hemicolectomy, the priority action should be to cover the wound with a sterile, saline-moistened dressing (Answer choice D).
Placing the client in a supine position (Answer choice B) may be necessary for a variety of nursing interventions, but in this urgent situation, covering the exposed bowel takes precedence.
The nurse should apply gentle pressure with a sterile saline-moistened dressing to keep the organs moist, prevent infection, and minimize the risk of further trauma to the exposed tissue.