Final answer:
Lower-level plans in a hierarchy of objectives are the means to accomplish higher-level plans, for instance, marketing campaigns are a means to achieve the higher-level goal of expanding market share.
Step-by-step explanation:
In a hierarchy of objectives, plans at lower levels are supposed to act as means for accomplishing higher-level plans. The correct answer to the question is (a) means. In the context of organizational management, lower-level plans represent the specific actions, strategies, or tasks that need to be executed in order to achieve the goals or objectives set at higher levels. For example, if a company's higher-level plan involves expanding market share, the lower-level plans may include marketing campaigns, product development, and customer service improvements that serve as the means to achieve that expansion.