Final answer:
Cattle can be classified into four primary functional types: dairy cattle (Holstein, Jersey) for milk production; beef cattle (Angus, Hereford) for meat; draft cattle (Belgian, Shire) for labor; and dual-purpose cattle (Simmental, Red Poll) for both milk and meat production.
Step-by-step explanation:
The functional types of cattle can be categorized based on their primary use. Dairy cattle are bred for milk production, with breeds such as Holstein and Jersey being the most common. These are often part of factory farm systems that produce large quantities of milk, as seen in Chino, CA.
Beef cattle, like Angus and Hereford, are raised primarily for their meat. They may be allowed to graze on open lands before being placed in a feedlot, where they are fattened on corn and silage. However, some ranchers opt for a grass-only diet, which is considered healthier and can fetch a higher market price for the beef.
Draft cattle are heavy breeds traditionally used for work, such as pulling plows or carts. Examples of draft breeds include Belgian and Shire. Dual-purpose cattle are versatile, being used both for dairy and beef production; Simmental and Red Poll are typical breeds with these characteristics.
Understanding these types of cattle can provide insight into various agricultural practices, regional economies, and cultural significance ascribed to cattle in different societies.