Final answer:
A heat pump and a refrigerator both transfer heat from a colder to a warmer area, with the former mainly used for heating and the latter for cooling. The transferred heat is expressed as Qh = Qc + W. The efficiency of these systems is evaluated using a coefficient of performance.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct statement comparing and contrasting a heat pump with a refrigerator is: Both heat pump and refrigerator transfer heat from a low-temperature reservoir to a high-temperature reservoir. Heat pumps and refrigerators utilize heat transfer from a colder area to a warmer one, requiring work input W. The transferred heat to the warmer reservoir is calculated as Qh = Qc + W, where Qc is the heat removed from the cold space and W is the work input.
A heat pump is designed predominantly to warm an environment by transferring heat into it, such as heating a home in the winter. However, it can also be used to cool a space by reversing the process. In contrast, the primary function of a refrigerator and air conditioners is to remove heat from a closed environment to keep it cool, such as preserving food at lower temperatures.
The coefficient of performance (COP) is a measure used to determine the efficiency of these systems. The benefit which is heat transfer into the warm environment for a heat pump could be considered waste heat for a refrigerator.