Final answer:
The measure in question is known as effectiveness, which focuses on achieving set goals and the end results of organizational activities, unlike efficiency, which relates to the optimal use of resources.
Step-by-step explanation:
The measure of the appropriateness of the goals selected by management for the organization and the degree to which the organization accomplishes these goals is known as effectiveness. Effectiveness is concerned with the end results, ensuring that the organization achieves what it sets out to do. Achieving goals often requires thorough planning and making goals achievable and appropriate is a critical step in this planning process.
In contrast, efficiency relates to how well resources are used to achieve these goals. An efficient organization maximizes its resources to produce desired goods or services. However, effectiveness is more broadly concerned with the end goals themselves and not just the means of achieving them. Bureaucracies, for example, aim for positive aspects like increased productivity and efficiency, but being effectively aligned with the organizational goals is what ultimately determines their success.