Final answer:
Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy is a progressive weakening of skeletal muscles caused by a lack of the protein dystrophin. It primarily affects the lower limbs and is diagnosed in childhood. While there is no cure, treatment options are available to manage symptoms.
Step-by-step explanation:
Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive weakening of the skeletal muscles caused by a lack of the protein dystrophin. This protein helps the thin filaments of myofibrils bind to the sarcolemma, the muscle cell membrane. Without enough dystrophin, muscle contractions cause tears in the sarcolemma, leading to cellular damage and muscle fiber degradation.
In DMD, the lower limbs are primarily affected, and signs usually appear when a child starts walking. Difficulty walking worsens throughout childhood, and by age 10, braces may be needed. By age 12, walking may no longer be possible. DMD is an X-linked recessive disorder that primarily affects males and leads to respiratory failure and a shortened lifespan.
Current treatments can help manage symptoms, but there is no known cure. Research is ongoing to find a cure, supported by organizations like the Muscular Dystrophy Association.