Final answer:
Peer groups that share reputations or images are referred to as reference groups. These groups serve as a standard of measurement that individuals compare themselves to and use to shape their behavior and social norms.
Step-by-step explanation:
Peer groups that share reputations or images are referred to as reference groups.
Reference groups are a type of social group that individuals compare themselves to and use as a standard of measurement.
They can shape an individual's behavior, social norms, and identity.
For example, in U.S. society, peers, such as classmates, older siblings' friends, and favorite athletes, serve as reference groups.
Individuals observe their peers' clothing choices, music preferences, and leisure activities and compare themselves to establish what is considered normal or desirable.
Furthermore, reference groups can be found in various contexts, including cultural centers, workplaces, family gatherings, and even parents.
They can convey competing messages through media, contributing to the formation of social identities and influencing behavior.
Surrounding oneself with positive reference groups can help shape positive social norms and identities.
However, individuals may not always recognize the influence of reference groups on their behavior.
Recognizing one's reference groups can provide insight into the sources of one's social identities and aspirations.