Final answer:
The evolution of cell membranes continues as all components adapt in response to natural selection, influenced by environmental conditions and homeostatic requirements.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct choice is D) All components of membranes evolve in response to natural selection. The evolution of cell membranes can be understood through their fluid mosaic model, which demonstrates their flexibility and adaptability to various environmental conditions. The phospholipids and membrane proteins are integral to this adaptability. For instance, organisms in colder climates may increase the unsaturated fatty acid content in their cell membranes to maintain fluidity. Similarly, proteins and other components like glycoproteins and glycolipids evolve to function effectively in a cell's specific environment or in response to selective pressure, illustrating that an organism cannot 'select' its membrane structure at will during its lifespan – it is determined by evolutionary processes.
Even though membranes have achieved a certain level of complexity and functionality, they continue to evolve under natural selection. This evolutionary process includes membrane components becoming more efficient at protecting and controlling the environment of the cell. Membrane permeability, for example, is essential for maintaining homeostasis and controlling what enters and exits the cell, directly affecting the survival and function of the organism.