Final answer:
The Zika virus is an arboviral infection known for causing mild symptoms in most cases but can lead to birth defects such as microcephaly when contracted during pregnancy. It is primarily spread by Aedes mosquitoes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Zika virus is an example of an arboviral infection. It is most well-known for causing symptoms such as fever, skin rashes, conjunctivitis, muscle and joint pain, and headache.
Most notably, infection during pregnancy can lead to serious birth defects such as microcephaly, characterized by an abnormally small head and underdeveloped brain in the newborn.
In the broader context of viral diseases, the Zika virus shares similarities with other arthropod-borne viruses like dengue, yellow fever, and chikungunya, all of which can result in severe health complications.
The Zika virus is primarily spread by the Aedes genus of mosquitoes, but it can also be transmitted through sexual contact, from mother to child during pregnancy, and through blood transfusions.