Final answer:
A nurse servicing citizens rather than customers aligns with the feminist care ethics, emphasizing compassionate care and interpersonal relationships rooted in feminist theory, most notably advanced by Carol Gilligan.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a nurse is providing care using the idea of "servicing citizens, not customers," it reflects an approach aligned with the ethics of care. This idea is not just about technical competence but also about fostering relationships, displaying empathy, and practicing compassion. It is rooted in the feminist theory, specifically the variant known as feminist care ethics, which emphasizes the moral and integrity values that are identified with women's traditional roles, such as nurturing and caretaking. Carol Gilligan is a noted figure in this area, presenting the view that women's moral reasoning is not inferior, just different from men's, which has traditionally been associated with the "ethics of justice," focusing on autonomy and law.
The nurse's approach is not exactly described by any of the options provided (ethical tenets of policy development, basic concepts of the feminist theory, underlying premise of virtue ethics, or components of distributive justice). However, if we must select the closest option among them, the basic concepts of the feminist theory most closely align with the nurse's care philosophy, which is based on personal relationships and care, rather than transactional customer service relationships or distributive justice which is more about the allocation of resources in society.