Final answer:
A positive approach to discipline in the workplace focuses on helping employees improve performance and behavior. It relies on positive reinforcement and constructive feedback rather than being punitive, fostering a cooperative and developmental work culture. Therefore, the correct option is 4.
Step-by-step explanation:
A positive approach to discipline emphasizes supporting and guiding the employee towards better performance and behavior, rather than relying solely on punitive measures. This focus believes in the power of constructive feedback and reinforcement to promote growth and improvement. Managers who adopt this approach are typically more interested in fostering a productive and positive work environment. They offer helpful feedback, create learning opportunities from mistakes, and encourage positive behavior through rewards, all of which can be termed as informal positive sanctions. Such a strategy is aligned with the principles of psychological theory and is supported by contemporary management practices, alongside formal recognition programs as methods for constructive employee development. While formal negative sanctions like written warnings have their place, they are generally considered a last resort after efforts to improve via positive support have been made. A positive approach takes into consideration the well-being of the employee, aiming at overall development rather than simply punishing undesirable behavior. This is in line with creating a cooperative work culture, where managers and employees work together to overcome challenges. More so, positive reinforcement can lead to an increase in morale and productivity among team members. Recognizing that feedback, even when it is negative, is part of a learning curve, requires an open attitude from both managers and employees.