Final answer:
The primary COX-2 selective inhibitor effective for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea is Celebrex (celecoxib). Other non-selective NSAIDs like aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen can also alleviate menstrual cramps by inhibiting prostaglandins. It is important to consult a healthcare provider due to the risks associated with long-term NSAID use.
Step-by-step explanation:
COX-2 inhibitors are a class of drugs that have been found to be effective in treating primary dysmenorrhea, which is a common condition characterized by painful menstrual cramps. The primary COX-2 selective inhibitor available is Celebrex (celecoxib), which is a prescription drug marketed by Pfizer. It operates by targeting the COX-2 enzyme more than the COX-1 enzyme, potentially reducing the risk of stomach problems associated with older nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Nevertheless, all NSAIDs, including COX-2 inhibitors, can lead to stomach issues.
NSAIDs like aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen, readily available as over-the-counter (OTC) medications, act to inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins which are involved in causing pain and inflammation. These drugs are particularly effective against low-to-moderate intensity pain that is associated with inflammation, which makes them suitable for treating primary dysmenorrhea.
It is important to consult a healthcare provider before starting any treatment to ensure appropriate use and to monitor for potential side effects, given that long-term use of NSAIDs may contribute to gastrointestinal, liver, or kidney damage.