Answer:
#2
a) Popular sovereignty is defined as a state or a country's government authority that is created by the people and is maintained by the people and is ruled for the people.
b) Separation of powers is basically dividing the government system into branches so that all branch has a specific authority to maintain a balanced system where no one has too much power.
c) Unalienable rights are rights that cannot be taken away from individuals forcefully by other people through any means. (Life, Liberty, Property)
d) Limited government is a system where a government has limited power over the authority they have on itself. A government creates a rule, it follows the rule and the consequences just like all the other people.
#3
Of the above vocabulary, I believe the Separation of powers to be the most important because with less power a government has, the more stable the system becomes. A more balanced government can lead to a country being peaceful and stronger.
#4
Over the course of the Enlightenment Period, philosophers like Hobbes, and Locke observed the change of political governing. Of course, there were disagreements on what kind of system they should establish. But one thing was clear that too much power to one monarch or one system of government, the country is going to see another revolution.
#5
The US. Constitution created a government system called a Democratic system. Incorporating the freedom to the separation of powers, this system works pretty effectively and minimizes the use of the law.
Hope this helped and have a great day! :)