Final answer:
The statement is false because kinases are responsible for phosphorylating proteins, while phosphatases dephosphorylate them, playing opposite roles in cellular processes.
Step-by-step explanation:
True or False: Kinases dephosphorylate other proteins while phosphatases phosphorylate other proteins. This statement is False. Protein kinases actually phosphorylate proteins, which can activate these proteins and allow them to alter cell activity. This process often involves the transfer of a phosphate group from ATP to specific amino acids in proteins, such as serine, threonine, or tyrosine. On the other hand, phosphatases dephosphorylate proteins by removing phosphate groups from phosphorylated amino acid residues, which can deactivate the proteins or change their function.
For example, in the control of the cell cycle, cyclins bind to and activate cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), which in turn phosphorylate other target molecules to regulate the cell cycle progression. Therefore, kinases and phosphatases play contrasting roles in the regulation of protein function and cellular processes.