Final answer:
Option D, predictive models to approve loans, is the most plausible capability of the second evolution of decision-making AI, considering the current advancements in AI in the financial sector and its existing applications.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question pertains to the capabilities of the second evolution of decision-making artificial intelligence (AI). Among the options provided - driving cars, starting companies, deciding war strategy, and approving loans - AI's application is broad. However, reflecting on the current state of AI and identifying leading industries where AI is present, such as self-driving cars and financial services, option D, predictive models to approve loans, seems most plausible. This application of AI is already in use to some extent in the financial sector.
Artificial intelligence has the potential to revolutionize various industries by automating complex decision-making processes. AI can use cognitive skills to make decisions, such as approving loans, based on massive amounts of data, benefitting businesses and consumers by making the process faster and potentially more fair, provided that ethical considerations and governance are in place. The use of AI in loan approval aligns with Goldman Sachs' prediction that AI could significantly raise global GDP by improving efficiency across numerous sectors.
It is crucial to take the threat of AI seriously, particularly in terms of job displacement, privacy infringements, and ethical challenges. The integration of social scientists, cognitive scientists, and various other experts into the AI development process, along with the creation of ethics certification for AI designers, could help manage these concerns effectively.