Final answer:
The correct option is a.
A client with a pressure injury has an increased protein requirement to aid in wound healing, whereas clients with early-stage renal disease or conditions like diabetic nephropathy may need to limit protein intake to reduce the kidneys' workload.
Step-by-step explanation:
A client who has a pressure injury has an increased protein requirement. Pressure injuries, also known as pressure ulcers or bedsores, are areas of damaged skin and tissue that develop when sustained pressure cuts off circulation to vulnerable parts of the body. Increased protein intake is essential for wound healing.
Proteins play a crucial role in cell regeneration, immune system function, and the production of essential wound healing factors such as collagen.
On the other hand, patients with early-stage renal disease generally require protein restriction to reduce the workload on the kidneys. Proteins are large molecules that are not typically filtered out in the glomeruli unless there is damage.
For instance, in conditions like diabetic nephropathy, where there is damage to the capillaries in the glomeruli, controlling protein intake is important. Similarly, in cases of nephrotic syndrome and other renal issues like acute on chronic renal failure, protein restriction may be necessary to manage the condition.
Clients with coronary artery disease and peptic ulcers do not typically have increased protein requirements and their protein intake is often adjusted based on overall dietary needs and health goals.