Final answer:
The nursing theory being described is the Neuman Systems Model, which is a holistic model emphasizing prevention as intervention and considers multiple aspects including physiological and psychosocial factors.
Step-by-step explanation:
The nursing theory being described by the nurse that involves a person, family, or community developing a normal line of defense is known as the Neuman Systems Model. This model, created by Betty Neuman, suggests that every individual has a 'normal line of defense' or a 'line of resistance', which acts as a protective barrier. When stressors penetrate these lines of defense, the stability of the system is affected, and it is the role of nursing to help maintain or restore the stability of the patient's health through the protection and strengthening of these lines of defense.
The Neuman Systems Model is holistic, considering the physiological, psychological, sociocultural, developmental, and spiritual aspects of the person. The theory emphasizes prevention as intervention, where nursing actions are directed at preventing stressors from breaking through the normal line of defense or at strengthening the lines of resistance. The model applies not only to individuals but also to families and communities, making it a versatile framework for nursing practice.
In contrast to other options offered in the question, the Neuman Systems Model focuses on the systematic approach to a client's wellness and the prevention of illness, whereas the immunity model might discuss innate or adaptive immune responses, and Pender's Health Promotion Model is focused on health promotion and behavior-related changes. The ego defense model, not directly addressed in nursing theories, refers to psychological defenses a person may use to protect themselves from anxiety and stress.