Final answer:
The temperature sensitivity of macromolecules in organisms is influenced by the rate of chemical reactions, stability of biomolecules, and the adaptability of organisms to temperature changes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Temperature affects the physiology of organisms by impacting the rate of chemical reactions and the stability of macromolecules. High temperatures can denature proteins and nucleic acids, increase fluidity in cell membranes, and disrupt the balance of chemical reactions. On the other hand, low temperatures can cause membranes to lose fluidity, slow down metabolism, and lead to physical changes in biomolecules. Organisms have evolved adaptations to these temperature changes, such as altering the chemical composition of membranes or entering a state of suspended animation.