Final answer:
The Antarctic Treaty System is the international agreement focusing on peace and scientific research, specifically designating Antarctica as a natural reserve for these purposes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The international agreement that has peace and scientific research as its main purposes is the Antarctic Treaty System. This treaty designates Antarctica as a natural reserve, dedicated to peace and science. According to the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty, also known as the Madrid Protocol, all mining and economic activities are banned, and the focus is placed on ecosystem preservation and scientific research. The Antarctic Treaty System stands apart from agreements like the Migratory Bird Act which is aimed at the protection of migratory birds and does not have the same broad mandates for peace and scientific endeavors in a specific region.