Final answer:
The correct option is a.
Water intoxication is the adverse effect caused by all uterine stimulants because of their antidiuretic effect, leading to excessive water retention and potential electrolyte imbalance.
Step-by-step explanation:
The adverse effect caused by all uterine stimulants because of their antidiuretic effect is water intoxication. Uterine stimulants that exhibit an antidiuretic effect can lead to excessive water retention, potentially causing an electrolyte imbalance, which may result in water intoxication.
Symptoms of water intoxication include headache, nausea, and muscular weakness. This is often associated with the hypersecretion of ADH (antidiuretic hormone) which inhibits water loss and enhances water retention.
In contrast, substances like alcohol and caffeine act as diuretics, increasing urine output and decreasing water conservation by the body, by inhibiting the secretion of ADH.