Final answer:
Following a normal cytology but positive HPV result, a follow-up plan is set. This often includes periodic monitoring with Pap smears and HPV tests, and potentially a colposcopy. Vaccination against HPV may also be recommended.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a cytology test is normal but an HPV test comes back positive, the next step typically involves a follow-up plan according to current medical guidelines. The presence of high-risk HPV types may necessitate closer monitoring because these are associated with a higher risk of cervical cancer, despite normal cytology results at the time of testing. This could involve repeat testing in a year to monitor for any cytological changes or potentially a referral for a colposcopy, especially if high-risk HPV types are detected.
It is important to remember that a positive HPV test indicates the presence of the virus, but not all HPV infections lead to cancer. Many HPV infections are cleared by the immune system. Therefore, periodic monitoring with continued regular Pap smears and HPV testing as recommended by healthcare guidelines can help to manage the risk and detect any potential cellular changes early. In some cases, the medical provider may also advise vaccination against HPV to protect against the types of HPV that are not currently present, even after a positive test result.