Final answer:
Certain parts of the electromagnetic spectrum, especially x-rays, have high energy that can damage cells, posing health risks to humans. This is due to their ability to penetrate tissues and affect cellular structures. Protective measures are used to minimize exposure to these high-energy waves.
Step-by-step explanation:
Some parts of the electromagnetic spectrum, such as x-rays, pose health risks to humans due to their high energy. The correct answer to the stated question is d) They have very high energy and can damage cells. X-rays, along with other high-frequency electromagnetic waves like gamma rays and ultraviolet rays, have the ability to penetrate tissues and damage cellular structures, including DNA. This damage can lead to various health issues, including cancer. This high energy and penetrating power distinguish these types of radiation from less energetic and non-ionizing parts of the spectrum, such as radio waves, which are generally not harmful to human tissues.
To minimize health risks, exposure to high-energy electromagnetic waves like x-rays in medical settings is carefully controlled, and protective measures such as lead aprons are often used to shield parts of the body. In daily life, people protect themselves from UV radiation by using sunscreen and wearing protective clothing. Understanding the differences in energy levels across the electromagnetic spectrum is essential for safeguarding against potential health risks associated with radiation exposure.