Final answer:
Chronic severe hypertension in pregnancy is managed through close monitoring, lifestyle changes, and medication when necessary, with the goal of reducing risk for both mother and fetus. Consistent follow-up with a healthcare provider is essential for monitoring blood pressure and detecting any emerging complications.
Step-by-step explanation:
Chronic severe hypertension in pregnant patients requires consistent monitoring and management to reduce the risk of complications for both the mother and the developing fetus. A state of chronic hypertension is defined by blood pressure measurements of 140/90 mm Hg or higher. During pregnancy, the circulatory system undergoes significant changes, including an increase in blood volume by 30 percent or about 1-2 liters, to accommodate the needs of the fetus.
Management of chronic severe hypertension in pregnancy includes lifestyle interventions such as dietary adjustments and physical activity. Medications may be necessary and should be prescribed considering their safety during pregnancy. Regular prenatal visits are essential for monitoring blood pressure and assessing for any signs of hypertensive complications such as preeclampsia, which can lead to serious health risks.
Close follow-up with a healthcare professional is crucial, including frequent blood pressure checks and blood tests to monitor for signs of organ dysfunction. In cases of uncontrolled hypertension or the development of complications, more intensive monitoring or hospitalization may be required to ensure the safety of both mother and child.