Final answer:
A primary blood test for suspected ectopic pregnancy is a quantitative measurement of hCG levels. Supporting tests may include progesterone levels and a complete blood count (CBC). Ultrasound imaging, specifically transvaginal ultrasound, is crucial for visual confirmation and, if necessary, treatment may involve methotrexate or surgery.
Step-by-step explanation:
For suspected ectopic pregnancy, the primary blood test performed is a quantitative measurement of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). This hormone is produced by the placenta shortly after the embryo attaches to the uterine lining and its levels can provide important diagnostic information. A series of hCG levels, taken a couple of days apart, can be particularly insightful as ectopic pregnancies tend to show lower and slower increases of hCG compared to a typical intrauterine pregnancy. Along with hCG testing, a doctor may also order progesterone levels; low levels of progesterone can be an indicator of ectopic pregnancy. Other important tests include a complete blood count (CBC) to check for anemia or other blood disorders that may be exacerbated by internal bleeding, which can be a complication of an ectopic pregnancy.
Ultrasound imaging is typically conducted alongside blood tests to visually confirm the presence of an ectopic pregnancy. Transvaginal ultrasound is used to identify an ectopic pregnancy by visualizing the embryo outside the uterine cavity, typically in the Fallopian tube. If an ectopic pregnancy is confirmed, treatment options depend on the specifics of the condition. If detected early, the ectopic mass may be treated with methotrexate to stop the growth of the embryo. In more severe cases, where there is the risk of a ruptured Fallopian tube, surgical intervention might be required.