Final answer:
Encouraging monoculture farming practices is not an effective approach to prevent malnutrition in highly populated areas. Fortifying staple foods, implementing community gardening projects, and promoting birth control are effective approaches.
Step-by-step explanation:
The approach that is not effective in preventing malnutrition in highly populated areas is encouraging monoculture farming practices. Monoculture farming involves cultivating a single crop in a large area, which can result in nutrient depletion in the soil and limited dietary diversity. This can contribute to malnutrition, as a varied diet is important for obtaining essential nutrients.
On the other hand, the other three options listed are effective approaches to prevent malnutrition:
- Fortifying staple foods with essential nutrients: This involves adding essential nutrients to commonly consumed foods, such as adding vitamin D to milk or iodine to salt, to ensure that people have access to necessary nutrients.
- Implementing community gardening projects: Community gardening allows individuals and communities to grow their own nutritious foods, increasing access to fresh produce and promoting dietary diversity.
- Promoting birth control to reduce population density: By encouraging family planning and birth control measures, population density can be controlled, which can help alleviate strain on resources, including food, and improve access to nutrition.