Final answer:
The question relates to the chemistry of gases, specifically calculating the volume of hydrogen gas produced when magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid using the ideal gas law and stoichiometry.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks about the volume of hydrogen gas produced when a specific amount of magnesium (Mg) reacts with an excess of hydrochloric acid (HCl), under certain conditions of temperature and pressure. To solve this, we use the ideal gas law, PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is moles of gas, R is the gas constant, and T is temperature in Kelvin.
First, we calculate the moles of magnesium using its molar mass and then use the stoichiometry of the reaction to find the moles of hydrogen. We are given the pressure (1.28 atm) and the temperature (312 K). After obtaining the moles of hydrogen, we can calculate the volume by rearranging the ideal gas law to solve for V (V = nRT/P).
The stoichiometry from Mg reacting with HCl is:
- Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl₂(aq) + H₂(g)
Each mole of Mg produces one mole of H₂. We then apply the ideal gas law with conversions as needed (pressure in atm, temperature in Kelvin).