Final answer:
Retrograde transport vesicles shuttle materials from the Golgi apparatus back to the ER, facilitating correct trafficking and function of proteins and lipids within the cell.
Step-by-step explanation:
The types of vesicles that transport materials from the Golgi apparatus back to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are known as retrograde transport vesicles. These vesicles are important for retrieving ER resident proteins that have been accidentally transported to the Golgi and for returning other types of proteins and lipids that need to go back to the ER for further functioning. The transport vesicles move from the ER to the Golgi apparatus via the cis face, where they fuse and empty their contents. As proteins and lipids progress through the Golgi, they undergo modifications, such as the addition of short chains of sugar molecules. This is vital for the sorting, tagging, packaging, and distributing processes in the Golgi apparatus, which is sometimes referred to as the cell's post office.