Final answer:
Transport vesicles move materials such as proteins and lipids from the ER to the Golgi apparatus, where they are modified and sorted for distribution within the cell.
Step-by-step explanation:
The types of vesicles that move materials from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus are known as transport vesicles. These vesicles are a crucial component of the cell's endomembrane system, responsible for transferring proteins and lipids from the ER to the Golgi apparatus. Once they arrive at the Golgi apparatus, they fuse with the membrane on its receiving, or cis, face. The contents are then modified within the Golgi apparatus through a process involving sorting, tagging, and packaging. This allows the proteins and lipids to be correctly distributed to their final destinations, such as the plasma membrane or various organelles within the cell. One key modification that occurs within the Golgi is the addition of sugar molecule chains, which aids in determining the final destination of these molecules.