Final answer:
Proteoglycans are essential in forming a gel-like extracellular matrix by trapping water. This matrix, primarily made up of proteoglycans and proteins like collagen, provides structural support to tissues and aids in intercellular communication.
Step-by-step explanation:
One of the most important roles of proteoglycans is to trap water to form a gel-like matrix. Proteoglycans include polysaccharide chains, called glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which are often found covalently linked to proteins. These glycosaminoglycans attract and retain water, thereby forming a viscous, colorless matrix known as ground substance in loose connective tissue.
The extracellular matrix is a key structural component in animal cells, providing stability and support since they do not have cell walls. This matrix is comprised of proteins such as collagen and proteoglycans, with the latter forming the bulk of the matrix. Moreover, proteoglycans play a pivotal role in facilitating communication between cells within a tissue by contributing to the makeup of the extracellular matrix.