Final answer:
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and scurvy are characterized by defects in collagen, which is essential for the structural integrity of different body tissues. While Ehlers-Danlos syndrome involves genetic defects in collagen production, scurvy is caused by a vitamin C deficiency impairing collagen formation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and scurvy are both characterized by defects in collagen. These conditions involve different underlying mechanisms affecting collagen, which is a critical protein for maintaining the structure and integrity of various tissues in the body. In Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, the defect arises from either a deficiency of the enzyme hydroxylase or mutations within the amino acid sequences involved in the synthesis of type-III collagen. This leads to progressive deterioration of collagen, particularly affecting joints, heart valves, organ walls, and arterial walls. Skin and vascular problems are commonly seen in those with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, as the defective collagen impacts the structural stability of these areas.
On the other hand, scurvy results from a deficiency in vitamin C, which is a crucial cofactor for the proper deposition of collagen. The lack of vitamin C leads to weakened collagen, fragile capillaries, delayed wound healing, swollen gums, and poor dentition among other symptoms.
Given this information, the correct answer to the question is 'C) collagen.'