Final answer:
Accuracy refers to how close a measurement is to the true or accepted value, while precision refers to how close a set of measurements are to each other. The data sets provided can be classified as accurate, precise, both, or neither based on these definitions.
Step-by-step explanation:
In order to determine whether each group's data set is accurate, precise, both, or neither, we need to understand the definitions of accuracy and precision. Accuracy refers to how close a measurement is to the true or accepted value, while precision refers to how close a set of measurements are to each other.
a. The data set (4.90 g, 5.25 g, 5.60 g) is not accurate because the true value is 5.25 g. However, it is precise because the measurements are close to each other.
b. The data set (4.30 g, 4.30 g, 4.30 g) is both accurate and precise, as the measurements are equal to the true value and close to each other.
c. The data set (5.25 g, 5.25 g, 5.25 g) is accurate because the measurements are equal to the true value. It is also precise because the measurements are close to each other.
d. The data set (4.20 g, 6.80 g, 6.05 g) is neither accurate nor precise, as the measurements are far from the true value and not close to each other.