Final answer:
True, a form of cell division called mitosis produces two genetically identical progeny cells, each with the same set of chromosomes as the parent cell. This is different from meiosis, which results in four genetically unique cells with half the number of chromosomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks whether a form of cell division produces two progeny cells genetically identical to the progenitor cell, with each having the same chromosome complement as the parent cell. The answer to this is true. This process is known as mitosis, where a somatic cell divides to produce two daughter cells that are genetically identical to each other and to the parent cell. Mitosis entails the equal separation of chromosomes to ensure that each resulting cell after division has the same DNA as the parent cell. This is a form of asexual reproduction and is common in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, although with some differences in mechanisms.
On the other hand, meiosis is a special form of cell division that produces cells with half as much DNA as the parent cell, these are gametes used for sexual reproduction. Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in four daughter cells that have different genetic material from the parent cell and each other due to the process of crossover and the reduction of the chromosome number by half.