Final answer:
Limestone is a sedimentary rock found in caves, not near volcanoes, and can be eroded by water to form caves with stalactites and stalagmites. Under heat and pressure, it transforms into marble, a metamorphic rock used in sculpture and architecture.
Step-by-step explanation:
Limestone is a sedimentary rock and is primarily found in caves, not near volcanoes. It is composed of skeletal fragments from marine organisms such as coral that contribute to its CaCO3 composition. Limestone is particularly susceptible to erosion when in contact with water, which can lead to the formation of caves. Over time, water rich in carbonic acid can erode limestone to create intricate cave systems, featuring formations such as stalactites and stalagmites.
When limestone undergoes metamorphism due to intense heat and pressure, it recrystallizes to form marble, a metamorphic rock. Marble is known for its use in sculptures and buildings. However, the process that forms marble from limestone does not normally occur near volcanic activity but in conditions of intense pressure and heat, often found in mountain ranges or ancient mountain belts.