Final answer:
The political spectrum spans from communism on the extreme left to conservatism on the extreme right, with conservatism emphasizing a prioritization of government control over personal freedoms.
Step-by-step explanation:
The political spectrum spans from communism on the extreme left to various ideologies on the right. In the context of United States politics, ideologies at the right side of the spectrum prioritize different aspects ranging from fascism to authoritarianism to conservatism. The extreme end among these, opposite to communism, is typified by a focus on government control over personal freedoms and can be associated with conservatism.
However, it's important to recognize that not all conservative or right-wing ideologies are extreme; the political spectrum also includes moderates who attempt to balance the extremes, and sometimes political ideologies can possess elements of both socialism and capitalism. The correct answer to the question 'The political spectrum spans from communism on the extreme left to what on the extreme right?' would be D: Conservatism.