Final answer:
The information stored in DNA sequences is used as a template to make RNA, specifically mRNA, which is then translated into proteins. This process includes transcription followed by translation in the central dogma of molecular biology. The correct option is b.
Step-by-step explanation:
The information stored in the DNA sequences is used to direct as a template to make RNA, specifically messenger RNA (mRNA), which is then translated into polypeptides, or proteins. This process is part of the central dogma of molecular biology, where DNA is transcribed into RNA, and RNA is translated into protein. The synthesis of RNA is a necessary step in gene expression, where the genetic instructions in DNA are converted into a functional product.
In more detail, the genetic information contained in the DNA undergoes a process called transcription, where RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA by creating a complementary strand to the DNA template. Once processed, this mRNA leaves the nucleus and goes to the ribosome where translation occurs, assembling amino acids into polypeptides based on the sequence coded in the mRNA, which ultimately folds into functional proteins.