Final answer:
It is false that a file is completely removed from the system only upon emptying the trash or recycle bin; data remains recoverable until overwritten. Wave-particle duality does not apply to objects on a macroscopic scale, and an external force is indeed needed to initiate motion even in outer space.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that a file is completely removed from the system only once you empty the trash or recycle bin is false. Deleting a file and emptying it from the recycle bin/trash only removes the index entry that tells the system where the file data is stored, and the space is marked as available for new data. Until new data overwrites the old file's space, it may be possible to recover the deleted file using special software. In many systems, a secure delete function is needed to overwrite the file data and ensure it can't be recovered.
Wave-particle duality and external forces
As for the wave-particle duality, it does not exist for objects on the macroscopic scale- the answer is false. This principle is typically observable only at the quantum level for tiny particles like electrons and photons. Additionally, an external force is required to set a stationary object in motion, even in outer space, which is essentially a vacuum, as motion in space conforms to Newton's First Law of Motion. This means that the assertion is true.