Final answer:
The word 'Substandard' is another term synonymous with 'inferior,' indicating something is below expected quality or less desirable than alternatives. The correct answer is option b. Substandard
Step-by-step explanation:
Substandard is another word for inferior. When we discuss goods in an economic context, an inferior good is described as a product for which the demand decreases as the income of the consumer increases, indicating that it is a lower quality or less desirable item compared to other alternatives. This term can carry a similar connotation when used to describe other items or situations.
For instance, if a student were to receive a substandard mark, it would imply that their work was below the expected level of quality. However, the word inferior can also be applied in a cultural context, where it might refer to the belief that one's culture is less valuable or advanced than another; this is notably different from ethnocentrism or nationalism, which have their own distinct definitions.