Final answer:
The pressure inside a soap bubble is higher than the pressure outside due to surface tension, and the capillary rise is greater in smaller-diameter tubes because of the more pronounced cohesive and adhesive forces.
Step-by-step explanation:
The pressure inside a soap bubble is higher than the pressure outside because of the surface tension of the soap film, which creates an inward force that must be balanced by a higher internal pressure. For smaller soap bubbles, this pressure difference is greater due to the curvature being higher, which corresponds with the Young-Laplace equation. The gauge pressure inside a soap bubble can be calculated considering the surface tension of the bubble and its radius.
As for the capillary rise, it is greater in tubes with smaller diameters. This is due to the fact that the cohesion between the liquid molecules and the adhesion between the liquid and the tube walls cause the liquid to climb up the walls of the tube, and this effect is more pronounced in smaller diameter tubes, as described by the Jurin's law.