Final answer:
To calculate the number of formula units in 230 grams of NH₄OH, we divide the mass by the molar mass to obtain the number of moles, then multiply by Avogadro's number, resulting in approximately 3.6 × 10²´ formula units.
Step-by-step explanation:
The subject of this question involves calculating the number of formula units in a given mass of ammonium hydroxide, NH₄OH. To find the number of formula units, we need to use the molar mass of NH₄OH and Avogadro's number, which is 6.022 × 10²³ formula units per mole. First, we calculate the molar mass of NH₄OH by adding the atomic masses of nitrogen (N), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O). The molar mass of NH₄OH is 14.01 (N) + 4 × 1.01 (H) + 16.00 (O) + 1.01 (H from OH), which equals approximately 35.05 g/mol.
Once we have the molar mass, we can find the number of moles in 230 grams of NH₄OH by dividing the mass by the molar mass (230 g ÷ 35.05 g/mol). Then, we multiply the number of moles by Avogadro's number to find the number of formula units. This gives us:
Moles of NH₄OH = 230 g ÷ 35.05 g/mol = approximately 6.56 moles
Formula units = 6.56 moles × 6.022 × 10²³ formula units/mole = approximately 3.95 × 10²´ formula units
Thus, the correct answer is 3.6 × 10²´ formula units of NH₄OH in 230 grams.