Final answer:
Effective group decision-making requires problem analysis before solution search, which is true. Groupthink can be avoided by various strategies, and group polarization affects decision-making outcomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Effective group decision-making indeed requires analysis and understanding of a problem before members search for solutions. This statement is true as a comprehensive problem analysis ensures that all members have a clear understanding of what is at stake, and hence can contribute more effectively to finding a solution.
The causes of collective dilemmas include situations where participants agree on a goal but not on how to obtain it, or when participants' motivations are contrary to the group's goals. Effective strategies to avoid problems like groupthink and improve decision-making include seeking outside opinions, voting in private, and conducting thorough research.
Group polarization is another phenomenon that affects group decision-making, which leads to strengthening of the initial group attitude after discussion. Moreover, in collective decision-making contexts, there can be a bias towards the status quo, majority rule, supermajority rules, or compromise, depending on the situation and the group dynamics.