Question

"Three hundred randomly selected residents in Hogsmeade were surveyed and asked, ""Do you support the city's decision to build a parking garage in your area?""

A. True
B. False

Answer 1

The question asks about processes of public opinion surveys, decision-making, and applying statistical and theoretical concepts related to Social Studies at the high school level. Concepts include systematic sampling, sample size, probabilities, and social choice theory. It demonstrates how decision-making can be complex in real-world scenarios.

Step-by-step explanation:

The question pertains to a hypothetical scenario involving a survey of residents in Hogsmeade regarding the construction of a parking garage. This type of question is often related to the study of public opinion and decision-making processes, which falls under the category of Social Studies, and is typically studied at the high school level where students are learning about civics and government.

To answer the specific questions presented:

1. The sampling method used when every eighth house was interviewed after selecting the first randomly is called systematic sampling.
2. The sample size for the study of the mayor's approval is 1,046, as that was the number of people polled.
3. The proportion disapproving of the mayor in late 2011 was 58%, calculated by subtracting the approval percentage from 100%.
4. The probability that a person supported the mayor based on the mid-2011 data is 57%.
5. The probability that a person supported the mayor based on early 2011 data is 60%.

As for the other questions regarding Dillon's Rule and potential legislative decisions about tariffs, Dillon's Rule actually limits the power of local governments, making Statement 3 False. Legislators might vote to impose tariffs for protectionist reasons or to support domestic industries, even if consumers would benefit from the availability of cheaper Egyptian cotton.

Finally, the scenario involving Anastasia, Emma, and Greta's weekend getaway plans illustrates a concept from social choice theory known as the Condorcet paradox, where majority preferences are not transitive and do not lead to a clear group preference—illustrating the difficulty in reaching a decision with majority rule when more than two choices exist.